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Export from Russia

Russia has a high-income mixed economy with state ownership in strategic areas of the economy.

Oil, natural gas, metals, and timber account for more than 80% of Russian exports abroad. Since 2003, the exports of natural resources started decreasing in economic importance as the internal market strengthened considerably. 

Russia is also a leading producer and exporter of minerals and gold. 90% of Russian exports to the United States are minerals or other raw materials. Russia is the largest diamond-producing nation in the world, estimated to produce over 33 million carats in 2013, or 25% of global output valued at over $3.4 billion, with state-owned ALROSA accounting for approximately 95% of all Russian production.

Russia comprises roughly three-quarters of the territory of the former Soviet Union. Following the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 and after nearly 10 years of decline, Russian agriculture began to show signs of improvement due to organizational and technological modernization. Northern areas concentrate mainly on livestock, and the southern parts and western Siberia produce grain. The restructuring of former state farms has been an extremely slow process.

Russia has a large and sophisticated arms industry, capable of designing and manufacturing high-tech military equipment, including a fifth-generation fighter jet. The value of Russian arms exports totalled $15.7 billion in 2013 - second only to the US. Top military exports from Russia include combat aircraft, air defense systems, ships and submarines.

The Russian fishing industry is the world's fourth-largest, behind Japan, the United States, and China. Russia has more than a fifth of the world's forests, which makes it the largest forest country in the world. 

Russia runs regular trade surpluses primarily due to high exports of commodities like crude oil and natural gasRussia's top exports also include iron and steel, gems, precious metals, machines, fertilizers, wood, cereals, aluminum, inorganic chemicals, copper

Russia's main export partners are Netherlands, China, Germany, Ukraine, Belarus, Italy, Poland, Japan, Kazakhstan, Turkey.

 

Import to Russia

Russia has a developed market economy with enormous natural resources, particularly oil and natural gas. It has the 15th largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and the 6th largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). Since the turn of the 21st century, higher domestic consumption and greater political stability have bolstered growth in Russian economy. The country ended 2008 with its ninth straight year of growth, but growth has slowed with the decline in the price of oil and gas.

The economic development of the country has been uneven geographically with the Moscow region contributing a very large share of the country's GDP.

Russia has a flat tax rate of 13%. 

In an October 2014 article in Bloomberg Business Week, it was reported that Russia had significantly started shifting its economy towards China in response to increasing financial tensions following its annexation of Crimea and subsequent Western economic sanctions.

Russia's main imports are food and ground transports. Others include pharmaceuticals, textilefootwear, plastics, optical instrumentscars, computers, telephones, tractors, planes, helicopters, spacecraft.

Russia's main import partners are China, Germany, Ukraine, Belarus, Japan, United States, Italy, France, South Korea, Poland.

 

Honey has been used by countless cultures all around the world over the past 2,500 years and no wonder! Over its history as a food, the main uses of honey are in cooking, baking, desserts, such as mel i mat, as a spread on bread, and as an addition to various beverages, such as tea, and as a sweetener in some commercial beverages. Honey barbecue and honey mustard are other common flavors used in sauces. Honey is truly a remarkable substance, made even more extraordinary by the process with which it is made. This blend of sugar, trace enzymes, minerals, vitamins, and amino acids is quite unlike any other sweetener on the planet. Also, many honey's health benefits have made it an important element of traditional medicines and scientists also are convinced of honey medicinal value.

Honey has been valued as a natural sweetener long before sugar became widely available in the 16th century. Honey production flourished in ancient Greece and Sicily. Nowadays it's China, Turkey, and Argentina that are the top producers of honey, followed by Ukraine and the United States. Mexico is also an important producer of honey, providing more than 4% of the world's supply. Most of Mexico's Yucatn producers are small, family operations who use original traditional techniques, moving hives to take advantage of the various tropical and subtropical flowers. At Export Portal are presented all the types of honey from all the quality honey producers of the world. We have suppliers of honey from all the countries. 

Buying honey can be a tricky process if you don't know what signs of a good hony quality to look fo. We will help you understand what are the indicators of quality of honey

  • High-quality honey can be distinguished by fragrance, taste, and consistency. Ripe, freshly collected, high-quality honey should flow from a knife in a straight stream, without breaking into separate drops. After falling down, the honey should form a bead. The honey, when poured, should form small, temporary layers that disappear fairly quickly, indicating high viscosity. If not, it indicates excessive water content (over 20%) of the product. Honey with excessive water content is not suitable for long-term preservation.
  • Crystallized honey, also called "granulated honey" or "candied honey" is not bad, either, it's just honey in which some of the glucose content has spontaneously crystallized from solution as the monohydrate.  Honey that has crystallized can be returned to a liquid state by warming.
  • Pasteurized honey is honey that has been heated in a pasteurization process which destroys yeast cells. It also liquefies any microcrystals in the honey, which delays the onset of visible crystallization. However, excessive heat during the pasteurization affects appearance - it darkens the natural honey color, changes the taste and fragrance.

We have prepared a classification of honey to help you understand which kinds of honey are there and how they differ. Honey is classified by its floral source, and there are also divisions according to the packaging and processing used. There are also regional honeys. Let's see:

  • Usually, honey is classified by the honey's floral source of the nectar from which it was made. Honey is traceable to floral source and therefore region of origin. 
  • Blended honey means that it is a mixture of two or more honeys differing in floral source, color, flavor, density or geographic origin. 
  • Polyfloral honey, also known as wildflower honey, derives from the nectar of many types of flowers. The taste may vary from year to year, and the aroma and the flavor can be more or less intense, depending on which bloomings are prevalent.
  • Monofloral honey is made primarily from the nectar of one type of flower. Different monofloral honeys have a distinctive flavor and color.
  • Honeydew honey is made when instead of taking nectar, bees take honeydew, the sweet secretions of aphids or other plant sap-sucking insects. Honeydew honey is very dark brown in color, with a rich fragrance of stewed fruit or fig jam, and is not as sweet as nectar honeys.

There is also a classification of honey by packaging and processing you should be aware of when buying honey. Generally, honey is bottled in its familiar liquid form, but can be sold in other forms, as well it can be subjected to a variety of processing methods.

  • Raw honey is honey as it exists in the beehive or as obtained by extraction, settling or straining, without adding heat - although some honey that has been "minimally processed" is often labeled as raw honey. Raw honey contains some pollen and may contain small particles of wax. 
  • Filtered honey is very clear and will not crystallize as quickly, making it preferred by the supermarket trade. 
  • Ultrasonicated honey has been processed by ultrasonication, a non-thermal processing alternative for honey. When honey is exposed to ultrasonication, most of the yeast cells are destroyed. 
  • Creamed honey, also called whipped honey, spun honey, churned honey, has been processed to control crystallization. Creamed honey contains a large number of small crystals, which prevent the formation of larger crystals that can occur in unprocessed honey. The processing also produces a honey with a smooth, spreadable consistency.
  • Dried honey has the moisture extracted from liquid honey to create completely solid, nonsticky granules. This process may or may not include the use of drying and anticaking agents. Dried honey is used in baked goods, and to garnish desserts.
  • Comb honey is honey still in the honeybees' wax comb. It traditionally is collected by using standard wooden frames in honey supers. The frames are collected and the comb is cut out in chunks before packaging. As an alternative to this labor-intensive method, plastic rings or cartridges can be used that do not require manual cutting of the comb, and speed packaging. Comb honey harvested in the traditional manner is also referred to as "cut-comb honey".
  • Chunk honey is packed in widemouth containers consisting of one or more pieces of comb honey immersed in extracted liquid honey.

Now you know everything there is to know about honey and can start choosing a variety of honey to buy from our online food and agricultural produce market. We have all the best honey presented: buy organic honey,  buckwheat honey, acacia honey, medical honey, honeycomb honey, find white honey and wildflower honey, unpasteurized honey or unprocessed honey, buy local honey in your country, choose clover honey and chestnut honey and all other kinds!

Customs requirements of Russia

Russia Customs Contacts

Website: http://eng.customs.ru/index.php

E-mail: ots-geg@mtu.customs.ru 

Address: 121087, Moscow, Novozavodskaya ul., 11/5

Telephone: +7 (499) 449-7675

 

Russia is a country situated in northern Eurasia. It is the largest country in the world, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area. Russia is bordered by Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan and the US state of Alaska. Russia is a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Council of the Baltic Sea States, International Monetary Fund, World Customs Organization, World Trade Organization and other international organizations.

 

Tariffs

Duties are usually according to value ad valorem, and assessed on the Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) value at the point of crossing the Russian border. Many types of goods are subject to minimum values on a per kilogram basis, as prescribed by Russian customs. Deemed values are an effort by the authorities to crack down avoidance through ‘dual invoicing’ practices.

On 1 January 2010, Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan entered into a Customs Union, as a result border customs controls between the three countries have been removed. The three countries adopted unified tariff and non-tariff regulations of importing goods from third countries and free movement of goods of the Customs Union within its territory. A common system of government standards (certification) has been implemented as well. 

Import duties apply to most goods. In addition to general customs requirements, import licences and product specific approvals are necessary for a wide range of items, including food and beverage products, pharmaceuticals, industrial equipment and more. Pre-shipment technical inspection (at the exporter’s expense) may sometimes be required.

 

Labelling and marking

All products sold in Russia must include relevant information about the product and bulk shipments contain basic information that is written in the Russian language.

Goods should be securely packed and it is important to take into account the specifics of the Russian market, including its often extreme climatic conditions and rough handling on roads, railways and ports.

Outer containers should bear the contact number, consignee's and port mark and be numbered according with packing list.

Accurate documentation is vital in Russia. Failure to comply with the documentation specified by your importer/customer can lead to lengthy delays and additional expense.

  

Special certificates

A wide range of goods require a certificate of conformity to allow customs clearance. Some of these requirements are mandatory while some are voluntary. The certificate must refer to Russian safety standards and may be obtained prior to export.

The list of products requiring certification includes the following:

  • agricultural and foods products
  • children’s clothing
  • footwear
  • prams
  • toys
  • electrical and telecommunications equipment
  • transportation equipment and tools
  • pharmaceuticals and healthcare products

To receive a certificate of conformity for food products and additives, a hygiene certificate is necessary. 

All goods of animal origin require the appropriate veterinary certificate indicating that they are free from disease.

All plants, parts and products (other than dried vegetables) require phytosanitary certificates issued by the competent authority in the country of origin. 

All medicines and pharmaceutical goods should be registered or certified by the Russian Ministry of Public Health. Special labelling and packaging requirements may apply.

 

Methods of quoting and payment

US dollars are preferred.

 

Documentary requirements:

Commercial invoice

There is no prescribed form of commercial invoice. Usually a minimum of 7 copies must be supplied (the number is normally stipulated in the contract). Details must be provided in accordance with the payment conditions of the contract. The invoice must show:

  • country of origin
  • details of packing materials
  • marks and numbers of packages
  • weights (net, gross and tare)
  • quantity and description of goods
  • unit prices and total shipment value
  • selling price to purchaser
  • place of final dispatch from country of export

Bill of lading/airway bill

A minimum of 3 copies must be provided.

Packing list

Six copies are required, providing a summary of the total shipment.

Certificate of origin

 

Sources:

http://arivist.com/arivist/benefits/122/infolist/2141/ 

http://russianamericanbusiness.org/web_CURRENT/articles/187/1/Customs-clearance-process-for-Russia 

http://schneider-group.com/en/services/import/imports_to_russia